Fall '07 GkCiv-Review 4

Review Sheet: Post-Classical Ages
The Apology of Plato (427-348 B.C.); Socrates (469-399 B.C.)

Consider the manner in which Socrates (according to Plato) defended himself. What were the various charges? In particular, what were the slanderous charges (p.356-7) and what were the actual charges lodged against Socrates (p. 360-1)? Who were the accusers? Which charges is Socrates most concerned with?
Who was Chaerephon and how did he set Socrates on his mission in life? In what way was Socrates the wisest?
What was Socrates' daimon (i.e. "oracle within" in 3rd speech) and how did it function somewhat like our conscience? How was Socrates' arete similar to yet quite different from that of the Homeric heroes (or Olympic victors)? In what way was Socrates the gadfly of Athens?
After being convicted what penalty did Socrates propose himself? Why did Socrates not go into exile? Why did Socrates not fear death? How can Socrates be described as a martyr? How do the trial and execution of Socrates represent a radical change in the nature of Athens?

Rowdies, Rogues, and Robbers (Kebric, Ch 7 & class notes)

Intro to the Law courts at Athens:

Who could propose laws, where were they located?

Who were jurors, how much were they paid, how did they vote, and how large were the juries?

What is a water clock and how was it used?

What were the steps and their corresponding procedures of a private case prior to the case coming before a jury?

Procedures of the trial itself?

Ways a murder trial was different from private case?

Types of evidence acceptable? Restrictions on slave testimony; on female testimony?

Terms: proklesis, summoners, magistrate, graphe, antigraphe, anakrisis, arbitrator, thesmothetai, atimia

5 cases discussed by Kebric

know the basic plots of all
People:

Eratothenes, Euphiletus & family, former mistress

Ariston, Conon, Conon's sons
Philoneos, his concubine, his friend, his friend's wife & sons
Diodotus, Diogeiton, Diogeiton's wife & sons, Phaedrus
Phormio, Chrysippus, Lampis

Alexander III (the Great) (356-323) (Pomeroy, Ch 11)

What did Alexander inherit at age 20 with his ascension to the throne?
How did Alexander consolidate his power?
Invasion of Asia: Theatrics? Granicus? Issus? Darius III? March along the coast?
What did he learn in Egypt from Zeus Ammon? Significance?
Offer of Darius III? Battle of Gaugamela
What other areas did Alexander conquer?
Alexander's new approach & tension with army
Why did he finally turn back?
What did he die of?
What were his political and cultural visions for his empire?
How did he promote Hellenism?

Hellenistic Age (323-146) (Kebric, Ch 8, & Pomeroy, Ch 12)

Hellenistic Society

New Opportunities in a Colonial World: Why the new opportunities? For whom? Doing what? Women? What does the marriage document tell us?

Alexandria and Hellenistic Culture

Alexandria: founded by? transformed by? Pharos? "Museum:" what was it, famous works.
People to know: Theocritus, Callimachus, Apollonius of Rhodes, Euhemerus

The Visual Arts: What are the key trends in art and how are they reflective of the age? How is realism portrayed?
Scholarship and Science: Herophilus, Erasistratus (both books), Euclid, emphasis in general?

Social Relations in the Hellenistic World

The Place of Non-Greeks: two views are? How native Egyptian religious families treated; village officials? Pomeroy's view overall?
Hellenistic Religion: Examples of assimilation & adaption? Sarapis?
What did the establishment of the Hellenistic Kingdoms mark the end of? Why?

Kebric:

Alexander's submersible: Actual or mythical? Proposed use? Made of? How were both use and composition appropriate for the time? How has this become "history"?

Who is Demetrius Poliorcetes? Aristarchus? Significance? What is the Colossus of Rhodes? What is the Rosetta stone? Significance then & today?

Movie

Know the plot and the themes of honor, fame, greed, love, expediency (results vs honor)
Characters: Agamemnon, Menelaus, Helen, Odysseus, Ajax, Achilles, Patroclus, Hector, Paris, Priam, Andromache, Briseis, Trojan priest/prophet

Food and Drink in Ancient Greece (handout)

Deipnon: What are the five parts of a typical Greek dinner? What are some of the typical foods for each of these parts?

Andron: What is an andron, features, etc.?
Feasts/Banquets: What are some common features between the Public Banquet and the private banquet of Philonexus? Differences? Women? Priests?
Homer: role of host? value of communal feasting?
Foods of the Greeks: How is cheese different & similar to today? Protein; themes to what proteins they ate? What is garos? How are fruits organized? How are wines different from most wines today? Similar?

Possible Essay Questions

Social Relations: As a movie critic, evaluate how accurately the movie portrays 2-3 of the following the male/female relationships (Menelaus & Helen, Paris & Helen, Hector & Andromache, Achilles & Briseis). Use as your benchmark the male/female relationships in Kebric's chapter 7. (longer--may also use evidence from the Iliad and the Odyssey)

Religion: At one point in the movie, Achilles says, "I chose nothing. I was born and this is who I am." One issue we have looked at throughout the semester is the issue of "fate (or the gods) vs free will." As a movie critic, evaluate the movie's stance on this issue versus Homer's stance (based solely on the selections from Homer we read at the beginning of the semester) or Sophocles' stance (based solely on the Antigone)

"Survivor: Ancient Greece I" on the "History" channel. Determine, based on the evidence and the criterion below, who would win and who not and why.
Three Contestants: Socrates, Alexander the Great, and Achilles or Hector or Agamemnon or Odysseus (from the movie)
Admissible Evidence: Plato's Apology for Socrates, Pomeroy for Alexander, the movie for Achilles, ...
Sole Criterion: the character of these individuals

"Survivor: Ancient Greece II" on the "History" channel. Determine, based on the evidence and the criterion below, who would win and who not and why.

Three Contestants: Socrates or Alexander the Great, and two of the following from the movie: Achilles, Hector, Agamemnon, Odysseus
Admissible Evidence: Plato's Apology for Socrates, Pomeroy for Alexander, the movie for Achilles, ...
Sole Criterion: the Homeric definition of kleos