• Founding of Rome:
• legend
• reality
• Kingship (753-509 BC)
• Examples of Etruscan influence
• Why did the kingship end according to legend? Is there any historical basis for the legend?
• The Republic (508-42 BC)
• Government: Functions, etc. of Consul, Praetor, Quaestor, Aedile, Censor, Tribune, the Senate, the Assemblies (as a whole)
• Development/Spread (508-264)
• key to spread?
• what were the ways they treated those they conquered?
• suffered a major setback at the hands of whom, when?
• whom did they fight in Southern Italy? results?
  
• Conquest of Mediterranean (264-133 BC)
• why did they fight Carthage each time? results of each war?
  
• whom did they defeat in the East after they defeated Carthage? results?
  
• what was the new system for treating those they conquered?
• what was effect of these conquests on the Roman state?
• The end of the Republic (133-42 BC)
• what solution did the Gracchi propose to the probems the Roman state was having? Results?
• What solution did Marius effect? Results?
• Who were Marius, Sulla, Pompey, Crassus, Caesar & Brutus and what was their significance?

• Key terms: animism, pax deorum, pietas, cultus deorum
• Major elements of religious practice: sacrifice, prayer, vow, divination
• Major priests/priestesses: Pontifices, Vestal Virgins, Flamines, augurs
• Deities of the home: Lares, Penates, Janus, Vesta, Manes
• Festivals: Ambarvalia, Robigalia, Lupercalia, Saturnalia

• City Life: What are the pro's and con's of life in the city of Rome?

 
• Slavery
• Sources for slaves?
• Owned by?
• Occupations?
• Treatment? Of slaves in the mines, in farms, in the city? Differences based on occupation? On gender? On nationality? Other?
• "upper" class/management slaves: qualities of, job duties, perks
• Revolts (Eunus and Spartacus--reasons for the revolts, what happened during the revolt, how did the revolts end; any effects from the revolts?)
• Freedpersons:
• Reasons for manumission?
• Restrictions on freedom of freedpersons? Restrictions on freedoms of children of freedpersons?
• Roman attitudes towards freedpersons? consistent?
• Occupations?
• Relations with former master (now patron)
• responsibilities to former master
• how does naming work?
• limitations on what former master can expect
• responsibilities of former masters
• cordial relations? strained relations?

Politics: Kebric outlines parts of the lives of two prominent Romans in Chapters 1 and 3--namely Marcellus and Brutus. Both became leading politicians, led armies and were "swords of Rome"--though in very different ways! Through a comparison and contrast of these two men, determine which of the following two phrases best suits each of the two men (and why): "every cloud has a silver lining" and "every silver lining has a cloud" [as an aid to President Bush noted two years ago].

Slaves & Freedpersons: Shelton give a passage from Tacitus (#214, pp 175-176) and one from Juvenal (#235 p 196) which relate some rather negative views of slaves and freedpersons. Evaluate their comments based on the other evidence presented by Kebric (for slaves) and Shelton (slaves & freedpersons). Make sure your discussion is reflective of the variety and biases of the evidence presented in Kebric and Shelton. [two essay option--write on either slaves (use Tacitus) or freedpersons (use Juvenal), but not both].