- The
Barracks Emperors (235-284)
- What happens
to: the coinage,
the frontier, the succession, the emperors, the economy, the cities
&
countryside, the army?
- Diocletian
(285-305)
- The 'title' of
the emperor changed
from princeps to what? How was the emperor separated from the people?
- How did he
change the administration
of the empire--tetrarchy, bureaucracy?
- How did he
treat the Christians?
- What did
Diocletian do in regard
to prices, wages, freedom of profession, and freedom of movement?
- The role of the
citizen was to
provide what two things? (hint: see Kebric, Ch 9)
- Constantine
(306-337)
- What was
Constantine's position
in regard to Christianity?
- Where did he
move the capital
to?
- Spectacles
- When did the
Romans get days off work?
- How far back
did the Romans attribute their religious festivals?
- What happened
at religious festivals, in general?
- The Roman name
for the festivals with entertainment was?
- By 100 BC how
many religious festivals had entertainment and how many days out of the
year?
- Who paid for
the entertainment--during the Republic? During the Empire?
- At what other
events was entertainment provided?
- What were the
main forms of public entertainment?
- Which was the
most popular?
- The Arena:
- What are its
origins?
- Why did they
increase in size & scope?
- What did the
typical program consist of: in the morning, at lunch time, in the
afternoon?
- What were the
5 main types of gladiators & their typical arms?
- What are the
aims of the games--for the giver and the crowd?
- Who were
gladiators?
- What happened
if they were successful?
- Did all
approve of the games?
- Popularity
outside of Rome?
- What effect
did the games have on the eco-system?
- The Circus:
- What are its
origins?
- What were the
basic teams & their colors?
- What were the
two most common number of horses per chariot?
- What happened
in a typical race?
- How did they
count laps?
- What was the
most important location for the races at Rome and how many could sit
there?
- Who were the
racers?
- What happened
if they were successful?
- When did many
die?
- When did the
races take place?
- Dining:
- When did they
eat their main meal?
- Know 2
examples of foods from each of the 'categories' (see handout)
- How long did a
meal last?
- Who ate when?
- How did they
'sit'?
- What is garum?
Possible
Essay
Questions
to
prepare
for (needs to be different from paper 6 topic):
- Women:
"If only you had been born a man, what a Caesar you would have made."
Marcus Aurelius to Lucilla in Gladiator.
Lucilla
plays a key role politically in the movie--how is she like the
women of the Severan dynasty? How different? For the Severan dynasty,
use Kebric's chapter.
- The
Games: "Some are good for fighting, some for dying -- you need
both, I think." Slave trader to Proximo in Gladiator.
The "games" presented in the movie are really an amalgam of the various
types of entertainment provided at the arena games (and other games at
special celebrations). In your essay first briefly present what has
been combined and then discuss how the combinations are effective for
getting across the brutality of the Roman arena games to American
audiences. For the Roman arena games use Shelton and McManus.
- Religion:
"What we do in life echoes in eternity." Maximus to his
troops at the beginning of Gladiator.
"I
will see you again. But not yet. Not yet." Juba says this after
he
buries the images of Maximus' son and wife at the end of Gladiator.
The afterlife plays a key theme in the movie and is important in the
mystery religions and early Christianity. Discuss how the portrayal is
similar to that of the mystery religions and early Christianity.