F17-CLA227 Review-Exam 1

Introduction

When, roughly, was Crete settled?
Four main periods of the Minoan Bronze Age? Their chief characteristics? How did they end?
"Palaces:" function, who lived in them, amenities, purposes of the central courtyard?
Religion: whom did they worship, where did they worship, importance of animals?
What type of writing system did they have? Deciphered?
What is their art like? Themes?

What are the main periods of the mainland Bronze Age and their chief characteristics? How did they end?
Who are the Indo-Europeans and their relationship with Greece?
Palaces & Cities: different from Minoan, who lived in them, & amenities, the purposes of the megaron?
Religion: whom did they worship, where did they worship, types of sacrifices or offerings?
Writing system? Significance?
What do we know from the written remains about:their political system, their social system, their military system?
What is their art like? Themes? Like Minoan? Different from Minoan?
How did the Mycenaean age end? What are some of the various theories and their supporting facts?

What are the salient points for this time period?
What is the architecture like? Significance? What is their art like? Themes?
What are the political structure and the social structure like?
What do these terms refer to: basileus, genos, oikos, kleos, aretê, timê, aidos?

Religion & Deities:
- Who are Zeus, Hera, Apollo, Poseidon, Athena, Hephaestus, & Thetis, and how are they important to the action in the Iliad and/or the Odyssey.
- How are the deities: Like humans? Different from humans? Act kindly/cruelly? Unjustly/justly? Near/Far?
- Differences between poems?
- How do they communicate with humans?
- What function do sacrifices/dreams/oracles/omens play in mediating between the immortals and mortals?
Mortals:
- The Iliad: Achilles, Agamemnon, Menelaus, Helen, Patroclus, Chryseis, Briseis, Priam, Hector, Andromache, Paris, Thersites, Odysseus,
- The Odyssey: Telemachus, Odysseus, Penelope, Antinous, Eurylochus, Eurycleia, and Eumaeus.
- How is the Homeric chief (basileus) different from the commoners? What are their roles in society?
Governmental Structure:
- what is the governmental structure in the poems?
- Expectations of the different classes?
- Difference between the two poems?
The Heroic/Homeric Code:
- Describe the Heroic Code: aim, key terms, ways to achieve, position of material possessions, & appearance.
- How does Achilles' actions reflect the Heroic Code?
- How does Odysseus' actions reflect the Heroic Code?
Xenia:
- Describe xenia.
- What deity is in charge of xenia?
- Examine the meeting of Priam and Achilles in regard to xenia.
- How/why is xenia important for the maturation of Telemachus? For what happens to the Polyphemus? The suitors?

Heroic Code (Honor/Shame): Examine the ways Achilles and Odysseus act according to the Heroic Code and the ways they do not. In your conclusion hypothesize why they do follow the Heroic Code at times. Make sure you have examples from books 1 and 24 of the Iliad and books 9, 21, and 23 of the Odyssey. For a definition of the Heroic Code (Honor/Shame), you must use the pdf in Moodle

Xenia: Compare and contrast the "guest friendship" exhibited by Achilles to Priam (Iliad, book 24) with that of Telemachus to Athena (in disguise; Odyssey book 1) and of Polyphemus to Odysseus (Odyssey book 9). Conclusions?
FYI: Don't start with summaries of parts of the Iliad and the Odyssey, but use parts of both poems as evidence when comparing and contrasting (see the pdf in Moodle for more details on how a comparison/contrast essay should be organized. For the definition of Xenia, you must use the pdf in Moodle)

Religion: What are the ways that the Greek deities communicated with mortals in the Iliad and the Odyssey and what are the dangers of these types of communication? Make sure you give concrete examples from the books of the Iliad and the Odyssey that we have covered.